Array Data Structure Guide

An array data structure is a fundamental concept in computer science that stores a collection of elements in a contiguous block of memory. It allows for efficient access to elements using indices and is widely used in programming for organizing and manipulating data.

Array Data Structure

Table of Content

• What is an Array?
• Need of Array Data Structures
• Types of Array Data Structures
• Array Operations
• Application of Array

What is an Array?

An array is a collection of items of the same variable type that are stored at contiguous memory locations. It’s one of the most popular and simple data structures and is often used to implement other data structures. Each item in an array is indexed starting with 0 . Each element in an array is accessed through its index.

Need of Array Data Structures

Arrays are a fundamental data structure in computer science. They are used in a wide variety of applications, including:

• Storing data for processing
• Implementing data structures such as stacks and queues
• Representing data in tables and matrices
• Creating dynamic data structures such as linked lists and trees

Types of Array

There are two main types of arrays:

• One-dimensional arrays: These arrays store a single row of elements.
• Multidimensional arrays: These arrays store multiple rows of elements.

Array Operations

Common operations performed on arrays include:

• Traversal : Visiting each element of an array in a specific order (e.g., sequential, reverse).
• Insertion : Adding a new element to an array at a specific index.
• Deletion : Removing an element from an array at a specific index.
• Searching : Finding the index of an element in an array.

Applications of Array

Arrays are used in a wide variety of applications, including:

• Storing data for processing
• Implementing data structures such as stacks and queues
• Representing data in tables and matrices
• Creating dynamic data structures such as linked lists and trees

Learn Basics of Array:

• What is Array
• Introduction to Arrays – Data Structure and Algorithm Tutorials
• Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages of Array

Array in Different Language:

• Arrays in C/C++
• Arrays in Java
• Arrays in Python
• Arrays in C#
• Arrays in Javascript

Basic Operations on Array:

• Searching in Array
• Write a program to reverse an array
• Complete Guide On Array Rotations
• Search, insert and delete in an unsorted array
• Search, insert and delete in a sorted array
• Sort an Array
• Generate all subarrays

Easy Problems on Array:

• Find the largest three elements in an array
• Find Second largest element in an array
• Move all zeroes to end of array
• Rearrange array such that even positioned are greater than odd
• Rearrange an array in maximum minimum form using Two Pointer Technique
• Segregate even and odd numbers
• Reversal algorithm for array rotation
• Print left rotation of array in O(n) time and O(1) space
• Sort an array in wave form
• Sort an array which contain 1 to n values
• Count the number of possible triangles
• Print All Distinct Elements of a given integer array
• Find the element that appears once in Array where every other element appears twice
• Leaders in an array
• Find sub-array with given sum

Medium Problems on Array:

• Rearrange an array such that arr[i] = i
• Rearrange positive and negative numbers in O(n) time and O(1) extra space
• Reorder an array according to given indexes
• Search an element in a sorted and rotated array
• Find the Rotation Count in Rotated Sorted array
• K-th Largest Sum Contiguous Subarray
• Find the smallest missing number
• Difference Array | Range update query in O(1)
• Maximum profit by buying and selling a share at most twice
• Smallest subarray with sum greater than a given value
• Inversion count in Array using Merge Sort
• Sort an array of 0s, 1s and 2s
• Merge two sorted arrays with O(1) extra space
• Majority Element
• Two Pointers Technique
• Find a peak element
• Find a triplet that sum to a given value
• Minimum increment by k operations to make all elements equal
• Equilibrium index of an array

Hard Problems on Array:

• Find k numbers with most occurrences in the given array
• MO’s Algorithm
• Square Root (Sqrt) Decomposition Algorithm
• Sparse Table
• Range sum query using Sparse Table
• Range Minimum Query (Square Root Decomposition and Sparse Table)
• Range LCM Queries
• Merge Sort Tree for Range Order Statistics
• Minimum number of jumps to reach end
• Space optimization using bit manipulations
• Sort a nearly sorted (or K sorted) array
• Find maximum value of Sum( i*arr[i]) with only rotations on given array allowed
• Median in a stream of integers (running integers)
• Construct an array from its pair-sum array
• Maximum equlibrium sum in an array
• Smallest Difference Triplet from Three arrays
• Find all triplets with zero sum
  

Quick Links :

• ‘Practice Problems’ on Arrays
• ‘Quizzes’ on Arrays
• ‘Video Tutorials’ on Arrays

Recommended:

• Learn Data Structure and Algorithms | DSA Tutorial
• Introduction to Arrays – Data Structure and Algorithm Tutorials
• Introduction to Matrix or Grid – Data Structure and Algorithms Tutorial

Please Login to comment.

Similar Reads

Data structure is a way of storing and organizing data efficiently such that the required operations on them can be performed be efficient with respect to time as well as memory. Simply, Data Structure are used to reduce complexity (mostly the time complexity) of the code. Data structures can be two types : 1. Static Data Structure 2. Dynamic Data

Maths is a fundamental component of learning Data Structure and Algorithms, just like in programming. Maths is primarily used to evaluate the effectiveness of different algorithms. However, there are situations when the answer requires some mathematical understanding or the problem has mathematical characteristics and certain problems demand more t

What is Data Type? In computer programming, a data type is a classification of data that determines the type of values that can be stored, manipulated, and processed. It tells the computer what kind of data a particular variable or constant can hold, and what operations can be performed on that data. Common data types include integers, floating-poi

Data structure alignment is the way data is arranged and accessed in computer memory. Data alignment and Data structure padding are two different issues but are related to each other and together known as Data Structure alignment. Data alignment: Data alignment means putting the data in memory at an address equal to some multiple of the word size.

Data Type A data type is the most basic and the most common classification of data. It is this through which the compiler gets to know the form or the type of information that will be used throughout the code. So basically data type is a type of information transmitted between the programmer and the compiler where the programmer informs the compile

Given an unsorted array of integers, print the array after removing the duplicate elements from it. We need to print distinct array elements according to their first occurrence. Examples: Input : arr[] = < 1, 2, 5, 1, 7, 2, 4, 2>Output : 1 2 5 7 4 Explanation : <1, 2>appear more than one time. Approach : Take a hash map, which will store all the

Given an unsorted array of integers, print the array after removing the duplicate elements from it. We need to print distinct array elements according to their first occurrence. Examples: Input: arr[] = < 1, 2, 5, 1, 7, 2, 4, 2>Output: 1 2 5 7 4 Explanation: <1, 2>appear more than one time. Input: arr[] = < 3, 3, 4, 1, 1>Output: 3 4 1 Approach:

Arrays:The array is a collection of the same type of elements at contiguous memory locations under the same name. It is easier to access the element in the case of an array. The size is the key issue in the case of an array which must be known in advance so as to store the elements in it. Insertion and deletion operations are costly in the case of

Complete Guide to ArraysLearn more about Array in DSA Self Paced CoursePractice Problems on ArraysTop Quizzes on Arrays What is Array?An array is a collection of items stored at contiguous memory locations. The idea is to store multiple items of the same type together. This makes it easier to calculate the position of each element by simply adding

Array is a collection of items of the same variable type that are stored at contiguous memory locations. It is one of the most popular and simple data structures used in programming. In this article, we have decided to provide a complete guide for Arrays, which will help you to tackle any problem based on Arrays. Table of Content What is an Array?B

Matrix or Grid is a two-dimensional array mostly used in mathematical and scientific calculations. It is also considered as an array of arrays, where array at each index has the same size. In this article, we will cover all the basics of Matrix, the Operations on Matrix, its implementation, advantages, disadvantages which will help you solve all th

Google is known for its rigorous and highly competitive technical interviews. These interviews are designed to assess a candidate's problem-solving abilities, technical knowledge, and cultural fit with the company. Preparing for technical interviews at top companies like Google requires a solid understanding of Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA).

As a developer, understanding data structures and algorithms is crucial for writing efficient and scalable code. Here is a comprehensive guide to help you learn and master these fundamental concepts: Introduction to Algorithms and Data Structures (DSA):Data Structures and Algorithms are foundational concepts in computer science that play a crucial

Both Array of Structures and Array within a Structure in C programming is a combination of arrays and structures but both are used to serve different purposes. Array within a Structure A structure is a data type in C that allows a group of related variables to be treated as a single unit instead of separate entities. A structure may contain element

Introduction : A queue is a linear data structure that follows the "first-in, first-out" (FIFO) principle. It is a collection of elements that supports two primary operations - enqueue and dequeue. In the enqueue operation, an element is added to the back of the queue, while in the dequeue operation, an element is removed from the front of the queu

Design a data structure to do reservations of future jobs on a single machine under following constraints. Every job requires exactly k time units of the machine. The machine can do only one job at a time. Time is part of the system. Future Jobs keep coming at different times. Reservation of a future job is done only if there is no existing reserva

Propose a data structure for the following: The data structure would hold elements from 0 to n-1. There is no order on the elements (no ascending/descending order requirement) The complexity of the operations should be as follows: Insertion of an element – O(1) Deletion of an element – O(1) Finding an element – O(1) We strongly recommend to minimiz

INTRODUCTION:' Tango Tree is a data structure for efficient dynamic connectivity and range minimum/maximum query on a set of elements. It is a type of balanced binary search tree that uses finger trees as the underlying data structure to achieve fast and efficient operations. The Tango Tree is designed to support both fast insertions and deletions

A graph is a non-linear data structure, which consists of vertices(or nodes) connected by edges(or arcs) where edges may be directed or undirected. In Computer science graphs are used to represent the flow of computation.Google maps uses graphs for building transportation systems, where intersection of two(or more) roads are considered to be a vert

What is a Map? Before learning the data structure used by a map, let us have an overlook of map. Map is the part of the STL library that stores key value pairs in it and no two values have the same keys but the different keys can store similar values. The map stores keys in sorted order. These are some functions which map uses with their Time Compl

A linked list is a linear data structure, in which the elements are not stored at contiguous memory locations. The elements in a linked list are linked using pointers as shown in the below image: Applications of linked list in computer science:Implementation of stacks and queuesImplementation of graphs: Adjacency list representation of graphs is th

A Heap is a special Tree-based Data Structure in which the tree is a complete binary tree. Generally, heaps are of two types: Max-Heap and Min-Heap. To know more about this Data Structure in-depth refer to the Tutorial on Heap Data-Structure. Given below are the most frequently asked interview questions on Heaps: Easy Interview Questions on Heap D

There are some data structures that are supported by g++ compiler and are not a part of the C++ standard library. One of these is: Policy-Based Data Structure, which is used for high-performance, flexibility, semantic safety, and conformance to the corresponding containers in std. This can also be used as a map, to store key and a value (pair) in a

We will implement trie using smart pointers in C++ and OOP. Here, We have already discussed the implementation of trie data using recursionIn our implementation node of a trie look like : C/C++ Code class TrieNode< public: // Use of shared_ptr for storing Children // Pointers of TrieNode shared_ptr children[ALPHABET_SIZE]; // Tracks whether If this

The Count-Min Sketch is a probabilistic data structure and is defined as a simple technique to summarize large amounts of frequency data. Count-min sketch algorithm talks about keeping track of the count of things. i.e, How many times an element is present in the set. What is Count-Min Sketch?Count-min sketch approach was proposed by Graham Cormode

Introduction: Probabilistic Data Structures are data structures that provide approximate answers to queries about a large dataset, rather than exact answers. These data structures are designed to handle large amounts of data in real-time, by making trade-offs between accuracy and time and space efficiency. Some common examples of Probabilistic Data

Given a 2D vector mat[][] of integers. The task is to sort the elements of the vectors diagonally from top-left to bottom-right in increasing order.Examples: Input: mat[][] = , , > Output: 3 4 2 3 4 6 2 7 9 Explanation: There are 5 diagonals in this matrix: 1. - No need to sort 2. - Sort - 3.

New Year. New Beginning. What's your plan for this year. (Being a programmer) Of course, if you're a programmer then this year you will also write the code, build the projects and you will solve a lot of coding questions. Let's talk about Data Structures and Algorithms. Heart of computer science and the programmer's breath to live in the

Universal hashing is a technique used in computer science and information theory for designing hash functions. It is a family of hash functions that can be efficiently computed by using a randomly selected hash function from a set of hash functions. The goal of universal hashing is to minimize the chance of collisions between distinct keys, which c

C programming language does not provide any direct implementation of Map or Dictionary Data structure. However, it doesn't mean we cannot implement one. In C, a simple way to implement a map is to use arrays and store the key-value pairs as elements of the array. How to implement Map in C? One approach is to use two arrays, one for the keys and one